第 2 讲 代词
I ① am a senior high school student and I ① want to join our ② school football team ， but the
person in charge has rejected me ③ .I have to spend my ② spare time practicing football to improve
myself ④ .Look! The football under the bed is mine ⑤ .It has been worn out.
[ 规则感悟 ] ①为人称代词的主格形式作主语。②为形容词性物主代词，放在名词之前作定
语。③为人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。④为反身代词，可作宾语、表语或同位语。⑤为名词
性物主代词，后面不加名词，可作主语、宾语或表语。
( 一 ) 代词的形式
人称代词
物主代词
类别
主格
宾格
形容词性
物主代词
名词性物
主代词
反身代词
第一
人称
I
me
my
mine
myself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二
人称
you
you
your
yours
yourself
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三
人称
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
( 二 ) 反身代词的习惯用法
与介词
搭配
by oneself 独自地
for oneself 亲自；为自己
of oneself 自动地
in oneself 本质上；本身
与动词
搭配
apply oneself to 专心致志于
behave oneself 举止得体；行为检点
dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于
help oneself to 随便吃 / 用
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
seat oneself 就座；入席
make yourself at home 别客气
teach oneself 自学
( 三 ) it 的用法
1 ．指天气、时间、距离、环境等。
It is early spring ， but it is already very hot.
现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。
It is twenty miles from here to the village.
从这里到那个村庄有 20 英里路。
2 ．代替前面提过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词。
Although he doesn ’ t like it ， I decide to see the movie anyway. 尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我
还是决定去看一看。
3 ．指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人 ( 由于某种原因而不知对方是谁 ) 。
What will you call it if it is a boy?
要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？
4 ．用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。
(1)it 作形式主语的常用句型：
① It ＋ be ＋ adj ./ n . ＋ for/of sb ＋不定式
It is important for students to learn English well. 对学生来说学好英语是重要的。
It was foolish of him to leave the door open after he left the office.
他离开办公室之后没关门，真是糊涂了。
② It is no good/use/useless doing sth. 做某事是没有好处 / 用处的。
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
为打翻的牛奶而哭泣是没有用处的。 ( 覆水难收。 )
③ It ＋ be ＋名词词组 (a pity/a fact/no wonder...)/ adj . ＋ that 从句
It is a pity that you can ’ t go with her.
很遗憾你不能和她一起去。
④ It ＋特殊动词 ( 短语 )(seem/appear/turn out/occur to sb...) ＋ that 从句
It seems that he has made a serious mistake.
他似乎犯了一个严重的错误。
⑤ It ＋ be ＋过去分词＋ that 从句
It is reported that 20 people were killed in the earthquake. 据报道有 20 人死于这次地震。
⑥ It takes sb time/patience/effort/energy to do sth
It took him much energy to write the novel.
