第 1 讲 冠词
My friend Linda is an honest girl ① studying in a university ① .We are of an age ② ， and we
both drink a cup of milk ③ a day ④ .So we think a cow ⑤ is very useful.
[ 规则感悟 ] 不定冠词的用法
① 表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人、某物时通常用不定冠词；在发音以辅音
音素开头的单词前用 a ，在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用 an 。②表示“同一，相同”。③
表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有 one 强烈。④表示“每一”，相当于 per/each/every 。
⑤表示“一类”事物。
1 ．不定冠词 a/an 用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
He misses the gold medal in the high jump ， but he will get a second chance in the long jump. 他
在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。
2 ．不定冠词 a/an 表示“某一个”，相当于 some/a certain 。
A Mr White with some big bags is waiting to see you at the school gate. 一位拿着几个大袋子的
怀特先生正在学校门口等着见你。
3 ．不定冠词与物质名词或抽象名词连用。
抽象名词和物质名词在表示“概念”时，其前常用零冠词；但在表示具体的人或事物时变成
了可数名词，需要与不定冠词连用，表示“一个、一种、一场、一阵”等。具有此用法的名
词有物质名词—— rain ， snow ， fog ， wind ， drink ， coffee ， beer ， fire ， paper 等；抽象名词
—— success ， failure ， surprise ， pleasure ， beauty ， wonder ， comfort ， danger ， shock 等。
After we prepared all the equipment for an outdoor photography ， suddenly a heavy rain came.
我们为户外摄影准备好所有设备后，突然下起了大雨。
Tony is a famous pianist.I ’ m absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be a success .
托尼是一位著名的钢琴家。我十分确信这个星期天他的音乐会一定会成功。
4 ．有些不可数名词如 knowledge ， collection ， understanding 等后面加 of 时，前面需要用不
定冠词。如： have a knowledge of... “了解……”； have a good understanding of... “对……有
很好的了解”。
Only by reading the latest issue of this magazine can you have a knowledge of the astronauts ’
life in space. 只有读了这本杂志的最新一期，你才能了解宇航员在太空的生活。
5 ．“ a ＋ most ＋形容词”表示“很……，非常……”， most 在此不表示最高级含义，相当
于 very ，而“ the ＋ most ＋多音节形容词”为多音节形容词的最高级形式，表示“最……”。
For a great many men and women ， romance can be a most important part of marriage.
对许多男人和女人来说，爱情是婚姻中非常重要的一部分。
It is one of the most original works of imagination in the English language.
它是英语中最具原创性的想象作品之一。
6 ．不定冠词常见的固定搭配。
have a gift for 有……的天赋
get a lift/ride 搭便车
pay a visit to 参观
lend sb a hand 帮助某人
as a result 因此
at a distance 离一段距离
a waste of ……的浪费
be/go on a diet 节食
make a living 谋生
as a matter of fact 事实上
in a sense/way 在某种意义上
all of a sudden 突然
对点练习
1 ． In Chinese culture ， each year is related to a Chinese animal according to the 12-year cycle.
2 ． He not only is the best student in our class ， but also has an excellent sense of humour.
3 ． He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for a long time.
4 ． One thing we can do to help solve this problem is walk or use a bicycle when possible.
Mr Smith is a teacher from the United States ① .He was the first ② foreign teacher I had met.In
the 1990s ③ ， he and his wife were traveling along the Yangtze River ④ when a ship was
wrecked. The Smiths ⑤ came up to help the injured ⑥ and saved a boy by catching him by the
