2026高考语法专项练习(含答案) 2 非谓语动词

2025年11月1711:39:05发布者:谷获仔 15 views 举报
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2 讲 非谓语动词

非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分,是高考的必考项目。非谓语动词包括动词不

定式、分词 ( 现在分词、过去分词 ) 、动名词,在句子中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分。非谓

语动词常考考点主要有动词不定式的功能、现在分词和过去分词的用法区别及非谓语动词的

时态、语态、省略等。该项内容考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构和分析句子成分的

能力。

(2023· 新课标Ⅰ改编 )

Xiao long bao (soup dumplings) those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling

wrappers encasing hot tasty soup and sweet fresh meat are far and away my favorite

Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one you have

to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first releasing the steam and risking a spill( 溢出 )

or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(

)

Shanghai may be the recognized home of the soup dumplings but food historians will

actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao s

birthplace.There you ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup and

the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.

Nanxiang aside the best xiao long bao have a fine skin allowing them to be lifted out

of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.The meat should be fresh

with a touch of sweetness and the surrounding soup hot clear and delicious.

No matter where I buy them one steamer basket is rarely enough yet two seems

greedy and so I am always left wanting more next time.

[ 规 则 感 悟 ] 上 文 中 加 黑 部 分 都 是 非 谓 语 动 词 , ① 为 动 词 -ing 形 式 , 其 中

amazing encasing neighboring surrounding 作定语; steaming releasing risking letting

allowing 作状语; tearing spilling 作宾语; wanting 作补语。②为动词不定式,其中

explode 是省略 to 的不定式,作宾语补足语; to be lifted 为不定式的被动形式,作宾语补足

语; To eat 作状语; to bite to put 作宾语。③为动词的过去分词,其中 recognized 作定语;

prepared 作宾语补足语。

种类

形式

主动

被动

2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词

不定式

一般式

to do

to be done

进行式

to be doing

×

完成式

to have

done

to have been done

动名词

一般式

doing

being done

×

×

完成式

having done

having been done

现在

分词

一般式

doing

being done

×

×

完成式

having done

having been done

过去

分词

一般式

done( v i .)

表完成

done( v t .) 表被动

与完成

×

×

Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 听别人对你

刚读过的这本书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。

It s time I got down to thinking about that essay. 我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。

Asked what had happened he lowered his head.

问他发生了什么事的时候,他低下了头。

Tom took a taxi to the airport only to find his plane high up in the sky. 汤姆乘出租车去了机场,

结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。

Having been ignored for a long time the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out. 因长时

间被忽视,坐在后面的那个男孩感到枯燥就出去了。

There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 在我

们准备在月球上长住之前,还有很多问题需要解决。

Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. 人们一致认为查尔

· 巴贝奇发明了第一台计算机。

对点练习

1 Activities there range from whale watching to hiking( 远足 ) and accommodations aim to have

(have) a low impact on the natural environment.(2021· 全国乙 )

2 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried(carry) out the next year.

3 Not having completed(complete) the programme they have to stay there for another two

weeks.

4 The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed(rob) in broad daylight

yesterday.

5 This problem is far from being settled(settle) so it has to be discussed again at tomorrow s

meeting.

2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词

1 非谓语动词作主语

(1) 不定式作主语,一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用 it 作形式主语,而不定式是真正的主

语,放在句末,以使句子保持平衡。

When drinking tea playing chess reading or writing to light an incense stick can help calm the

nerves and concentrate the mind.

在喝茶、下棋、读书或写作时,点一根香可以帮助镇静神经、集中精力。

It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn t been on the stage here.(2022· 全国甲 )

很难说出一位没有在这里登台演出的喜剧明星的名字。

注意

It is/was adj . for/of sb to do sth 结构中,若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征,则

构成不定式复合结构的介词应用 of ,此时形容词常为 kind nice foolish 等词,且 sb 与形容

词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系;若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点,则构成不

定式复合结构的介词应用 for

It is generous of him to contribute so much.

他捐献了这么多真是太慷慨了。

It was important for us to live a low-carbon life. 过一种低碳生活对我们来说很重要。

(2) 动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念,一般都放在谓语动词前,有时用 it

形式主语。

Playing with fire is dangerous.

玩火会很危险。

注意  下面句型中常用动名词作主语: It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth

It is no use complaining without taking action.

不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。

It is no good coming before that.

在那之前来没有用。

2 非谓语动词作表语

(1) 不定式作表语多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。

My dream is to enter Peking University.

我的梦想是考入北京大学。

My job is to clean the rooms every day.

我的工作是每天打 扫房 间。

(2) 动名词作表语多指抽象的、概念 的动作,句子主语常是表示 的名词或 what 引导

的名词 性从 句。

Our job is playing all kinds of music.

2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词

我们的工作是演 奏各 各样 乐。

(3) 现在分词、过去分词 可以作表语,现在分词作表语 为“ …… 的” 而过去分词

作表语 为“人感到 …… 的”。

It s well known that a tiger looks very frightening . 众所周知 老虎看起 人很 害怕

We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland.

听到他为 国捐躯 消息 ,我们都很感动。

3 非谓语动词作宾语

(1) 不定式作宾语

① 常 不定式作宾语的动词

学会想 希望 拒绝设 愿假装

decide/determine learn want expect/hope/

wish refuse manage volunteer pretend

主动 同意请求 帮一帮

offer promise choose plan agree ask/beg help

My English teacher promised to lend some books to me. 我的英语 老师答 借给 我一 书。

We agreed to meet at the school gate.

我们一致 同意 校门口见 面。

② 动词 tell show understand know explain teach learn advise 等常 问词

词不定式”作宾语。

Please tell me when to start the project.

请告诉 开始 这个项目。

③ 在某 动词 find think consider feel make believe 后,常用 it 作形式宾语,

宾语补足语, 不定式作真正的宾语。

We think it our duty to protect the environment .

我们认为保 环境是我们的 责任

(2) 动名词作宾语

① 常 动名词作宾语的动词 ( )

虑建议盼原谅 推迟

consider suggest/advise look forward

to excuse/pardon admit delay/put off fancy

避免错 继续练 认完成就 欣赏

avoid miss go on/keep

on practise deny finish enjoy/appreciate

禁止 想象 才冒 险,不 禁介意 避免

forbid imagine risk can t

help mind allow/permit escape

He tried to avoid answering my questions.

试图 对我的问题 而不

We only missed seeing each other by five minutes. 我们 差五 面。

My mother couldn t help smiling when she heard the good news.

听到那个 好消息 ,我 妈妈情 自禁地笑起 来。

词后要 动名词作宾语, but 不定式作宾语。

In 1993 China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity.

1993 ,中 国烧掉 12 亿吨煤 于供热 和发

After eating in her restaurant people would become tired very quickly.

人们在 餐馆 以后,很 就会感到 疲乏

They had no choice but to wait here.

他们别 无选择只 有在这 等待。

“动词 +介 词”构成的 语,其后 动名词作宾语,常 的有 be/get used to ( 习惯于 )

feel like ( 想要 ) insist on ( ) get down to ( 开始 ) devote...to...( 致力 于…… ) object to (

) stick to ( ) give up ( ) 等。

With many reference materials in hand he got down to writing his graduation thesis.

头有 资料 ,他 开始 毕业 论文。

(3) 动词或 可以 动名词作宾语, 可以 动词不定式作宾语, 但意义 上有区别

I meant to give you this book today but I forgot. 我本来打算 你这本书的,可是我 了。

Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 过这 火车 意味着得再 等一 时。

4 need want require 等后表示被动意义,不定式要用被动语态,动名词不需要。

My bike needs to be repaired . My bike needs repairing . 我的 行车需要 理。

对点练习

1 It is possible to walk (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.(2021· 全国甲 )

2 It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated

(educate) about the areas.(2021· 全国乙 )

3 It is widely believed that forming(form) a good habit will benefit us all our lives.

4 When Peter speaks in public he always has trouble thinking(think) of the right things to say.

5 We paced around to avoid getting(get) frostbite( 冻伤 ) as the temperature stayed close to 30

and our drill batteries became too cold to work.

6 The experts all agree that the present economic situation is encouraging(encourage)

1 不定式作定语

2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词 2026高考语法专项练习(含答案)  2 非谓语动词

(1) 不定式作定语常表示 来的动作 不定式的被动式 to be done 作定语表示 来、被动的动

作。

You are supposed to take this opportunity to realize your dream .

你应该 住这个机会去实现你的梦想。

The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important.

在会 论的那个问题非常重要。

(2) 不定式常放在某 名词或 词后作定语。 果作定语的不定式是不及 动词,或 不定

所修饰 的名词或 词是不定式动作的 点、工具等,不定式后需要 加相 应的 词。

He had no pen to write with so he had to borrow one from his neighbour.

他没有 钢笔 写字,不 从邻居 儿借 了一

(3) 词为 序数 词、 the last the only 等或中 词被这类词 修饰 该中 词是

作定语的非谓语动词 表示的动作的 时,多用不定式作定语。

He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.

是第一个到 后一个 离校

(4) 修 饰 词 是 抽 象 名 词 时 , 常 用 不 定 式 作 定 语 。 常 的 该 类 名 词 有

ability chance idea hope wish fact excuse promise attempt way 等。

The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.

达观 点的能力与 点本 身同 等重要。

2 分词作定语

(1) 动词的分词形式作定语

作定语的及 动词的分词形式有 现在分词、“ being 过去分词”、过去分词。 修饰

的名词与分词之间为主动 关系 时,用现在分词 ;当 修饰 的名词与分词之间为被动 关系且

正在进行时,用“ being 过去分词” ;当 修饰 的名词与分词之间为被动 关系且 表完成或

状态时,用过去分词。

The park was full of people enjoying themselves in the sunshine.

公园 里人 ,人们在 阳光 下玩 乐。 ( 主动 )

We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必 对在 此讨 论的问题保 (

动、正在进行 )

The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.

人们 着从全国各地挑选 出来的 能在 今年夏季 事中 我们带来 荣誉 ( 被动、

完成 )

(2) 不及 动词的分词形式作定语

作定语的不及 动词的分词形式有 现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行

去分词 表示一个动作已完成,不表被动。

falling leaves 正在下 ( 表正在进行 )

fallen leaves 落叶 ( 表完成 )

3 动名词作定语

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