中考英语陈述句和疑问句用法
一、基本概念
陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。陈述句在
书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。
疑问句是用来提问的句子,句末用问号。疑问句分为一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑
问句和反义疑问句。
二、基本分类
陈述句 肯定句 疑问句 一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
否定句 反义疑问句
三、用法详解
1、否定句
1 )一看句中是否有 be 动词( am,is are,was,were ),如果有 在其后加 not, 并把原句中的
some 改为 any 。
例如: She is reading a book.---She is not reading a book.
There are some apples on the tree.—There are not any (=no ) apples on the tree.
2 )二看句中是否有情态动词:( can ,could, may, must, will, would, should 等)变化如同一
中
说, not 仍然放在后。
例如: I can ride a bike.---I can not (=can’t) ride a book.
We will hold a sports meeting next Sunday.----We will not (=won’t) hold a sports meeting next
Sunday.
3 )三看句中是否有助动词:( have, has, had ),变化如同前两说, not 仍然放其后。
例如: We have finished the task.----We haven’t finished the task.
4 )四变否定却看无,句中只有行为动(词),要提助动来完成。( don’t, doesn’t, didn’t )
例如:
(1)I want a new bike.--I don’t want a new bike.
(2)He wrote a letter to his pen-friend yesterday.--He didn’t write a letter to his pen-friend
yesterday.
(3)She always takes good care of her patients. --She doesn’t always take good care of her patients.
当借助 doesn’t 和 didn’t 构成否定后,行为动词要还原为原形。
2、一般疑问句
1 )一看句中有无 be (am, is, are, was, were) 只需提前就可以。
例如: (1) She was a doctor five years ago.----- Was she a doctor five years ago?
(2) I am reading a book.---Are you reading a book?
2 )二看句中谁当家,情态动词也最佳,提到句首不用问,例句强化说明它:
例如: (1) They can climb up the high mountain.-----Can they climb up the high mountain?
(2) I must finish my work this afternoon.----Must you finish your work this afternoon?
3 )三看助动( have has had )存在否,放在句首别疑它:
例如: (1) The Greens have visited China already.---- Have the Greens visited China yet?
4 )四若不见以上三,句首加上 Do, Does, Did 莫等闲,再想特例全会变:
例如: (1) They watch TV every night.--- Do they watch TV every night?
(2) We had a big dinner just now.---Did you have a big dinner just now.
(3) Her sister likes dancing.---Does her sister like dancing?
当把助动词 does 和 did 提前构成疑问后,行为动词要还原为原形。
3、特殊疑问句
1 )构 成:疑问词 + 一般疑问句
2 )疑问词: what (什么), who (谁), whose (谁的), which (哪个),
when (何时), where (哪里), why (为何), how (怎样),
how long (多久,多长时间), how far (多远), how often (多久一次), how soon (多
快,多久以后), how many (问数量 - 可数名词),
how much (问价钱;问数量 - 不可数名词), how old (问年龄)等。
3 )解题步骤: step1: 根据划线部分确定疑问词;
step2: 将句子变作一般疑问句;
step3: 去划线部分加问号。
4、选择疑问句
1 )构成: 一般疑问句 +or+ 另一个备选对象 Did you stay at home or at school yesterday?
特殊疑问句+or+另一个备选对象 Which would you like best, English, Chinese or
Math?
2 )回答 : both/all/None/neither/either
备选项中的某一项
4、反义疑问句
