中考英语被动语态

一、被动语态概念：

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动

语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。当主语为动作的执行者时 , 谓语的形式为主动语态 ; 当主

语为动作的承受者时 , 谓语要用被动语态。

e.g. Many people speak English.

（主动语态 , 句子的主语 many people 是动作 speak 的执行者）

English is spoken by many people.

（被动语态 , 句子的主语 English 是动作 speak 的承受者）

二、被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态由“助动词 be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的

变化表现出来的。

各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比：

时态

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

am / is / are + P.P.

（ 1 ） Do they speak French ?

（ 2 ） They don’t use the room

.

Is French spoken by them?

The room isn’t used by them .

一般过去时

was / were + p.p.

（ 1 ） The hunter killed a

tiger .

（ 2 ） He wrote many stories

last year .

A tiger was killed by the

hunter.

Many stories was written by

him last year .

现在进行时

am / is / are +being +p.p.

（ 1 ） These workers are

building a new bridge .

（ 2 ） He is mending his car .

A new bridge is being built by

these workers.

His car is being mended by

him .

过去进行时

was / were + being + p.p.

（ 1 ） He was selling books .

（ 2 ） They were discussing

the plan at that time .

Books were being built by

him.

The plan was being discussed

by them at that time .

现在完成时

（ 1 ） She has learned many

Many English words have

have / has + been + p. p.

English words .

（ 2 ） He has finished the work

.

been learned by her.

The work has been finished by

him.

过去完成时

had + been + p.p.

（ 1 ） They has solved the

problem .

（ 2 ） We had told him the

news by then .

The problem had been solved

by them.

The news had been told to him

by us .

一般将来时

shall / will be + p.p.

（ 1 ） I shall make a plan .

（ 2 ） They are going to fix the

radio in an hour .

A plan will be made by m .

The radio is going to be fixed

by them in an hour.

过去将来时

would be + p.p.

was/ were going to be + p.p.

（ 1 ） He told me they would

paint the room .

（ 2 ） They were going to put

on a play the next week .

He told me the room would be

painted by them.

A play was going to be put by

them the next week .

情态动词

can / may / must / should

+ be + p.p.

（ 1 ） We should hand in our

homework .

（ 2 ） You must answer the

question in English .

Our homework should be

handed in by us.

The question must be

answered in English by you .

歌诀是：被动语态 be 字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、主动语态被变动语态的方法

We Visited that factory last summer ^→ 主动语态

主语 谓语 宾语 状语

That factory was visited by us last summer ^→ 被动语态

主语 谓语 宾语 状语

(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由

宾格变为主格。

Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.

(2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be ＋过去分词 )

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。