中考英语定语从句讲解

一、

定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句； 被定语从句 所修饰的词叫做

先行词。

如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do .

引导定语从句的词：关系代词 that, which, who( 宾格 who, 所有格 whose) 关系副词 where, when 、 why

关系词的作用： 1 、引导定语从句 2 、代替先行词 3 、在定语从句中担当一个成分

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之

后，作后置定语。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who 指人，在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way .

2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about .

注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。

(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys . ( which 在句子中做主语 )

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday . ( which 在句子中做宾语 )

4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom ；指物时，相当于 which 。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语

时可省略。

(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. ( 在句子中做主语 )

(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ? ( 在句子中做宾语 )

5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor . (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in .

★ whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替

★ The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

★ Do you like the book whose color is yellow ?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow ?

注： that 用法

(1) 不用 that 的情况

(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

( 错 )The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.

(b) 介词后不能用。