2025 秋外研版八上英语 Unit 2
现在完成时 (2)
要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，我们也可以借助现在完成
时。例如 :
I have had the dog for three months now. 这条狗我现在已经养了三个月了。
We have played football for a year now. 我们现在已经踢了一年的足球了。
I have been like this since Friday. 从周五开始我就一直这样。
I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year.
自从去年有了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼了。
从以上例句可以看出，在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，通常要与表
示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由 for 或 since 引导。需要注意的
是， for 后接一段时间，如 for a long time, for five years 等；而 since 后多接
时间点，如 since August 2023, since yesterday, since two o'clock 等。在对现
在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用 how long 。例如 :
How long have you played football? 你踢足球踢了多长时间了？
How long have you been like this? 你这个样子有多久了？
How long have you had the dog? 这条狗你养了多久了？
注意，在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，需要使用
不同的时态。例如 :
I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.
去年夏天我在这家酒店住了一周。
I have stayed in the hotel for a week now. 迄今我已在这家酒店住了一周了。
I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.
下个月我要在这家酒店住一周时间。
同样表示 " 在某一酒店住一周 " 的概念，第一句讲述的是去年夏天的事情，故用一般过去时；第
二句表示到现在为止已经住了一周，故用现在完成时；第三句讲述的是下个月的事情，故用
一般将来时。
注意，在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间
段的时间状语连用；而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语
连用。试比较 :
Tom has been here for two hours. Tom 已经来了两小时了。
Tom has just come. Tom 刚到。
除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。例
如 :
I have learnt 20 English songs. 我已经学会了 20 首英文歌曲。
I have collected 300 stamps. 我已经收集了 300 枚邮票。
一、单项选择题
1. The Giant away for a long time before he came back to his garden.
A. has been
B. had been
C. was
D. is
2. Since the Giant built the wall, he a child in his garden.
A. hasn't seen
B. didn't see
C. doesn't see
D. won't see
3. We friends since Grade 3.
A. were
B. have been
C. will be
D. are
4. They have been together three years.
A. for
B. since
C. in
D. at
5.
last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
A. For
B. Since
C. From
D. In
6. The 74 - year - old man ice creams for the past 17 years in
Singapore.
A. has sold
B. sold
C. sells
D. will sell
7. Every year, on his birthday, he free ice creams. He has done this
since his 70th birthday.
A. offers
B. offered
C. has offered
D. will offer
8. He talking with his customers and many of them have become
his friends since they first met.
A. enjoys
B. enjoyed
C. has enjoyed
D. will enjoy
